Episcleritis is inflammation of the tissue thin located between the sclera and conjunctiva of the eye, causing the eye to experience toRedan and tediscomfort. This inflammation can occur in one eye or both.
The sclera is the white part of the eyeball, while the conjunctiva is the layer that covers it. In contrast to scleritis which attacks the sclera and can cause serious problems, episcleritis is generally classified as a mild health problem and does not cause severe effects. 
Causes of Episcleritis
The causes and triggers of inflammation that occur in episcleritis are not known with certainty. However, episcleritis is more common in people with the following conditions:
- Have a systemic disorder, such as lupus, Crohn's disease, or rheumatoid arthritis
- Have an eye injury
- Taking certain medications, such as topiramate or bisphosphonates
- Female gender
- Between 40–50 years old
- Suffering from a viral, bacterial, or fungal infection, such as shingles on the forehead or eyes
- Have cancer, such as leukemia or Hodgkin's lymphoma
Symptoms of Episcleritis
Based on the symptoms, episcleritis is divided into two types, namely simple and nodular episcleritis. Here is the explanation:
Simple episcleritis
Simple episcleritis is the more common type of episcleritis. This type of episcleritis is characterized by:
- Some of the whites of the eyes are reddish
- Eyes feel uncomfortable and watery
- Eyes are more sensitive to bright light
- Eyes feel hot and feel gritty
Nodular episcleritis
Nodular episcleritis is rare. Symptoms that occur in this type of episcleritis are not much different from simple episcleritis. However, nodular episcleritis is accompanied by a small lump that feels a bit painful.
The symptoms of episcleritis above appear quickly, but do not cause visual disturbances. Symptoms may occur in one eye or both. If symptoms of episcleritis appear in both eyes, more attention is needed.
When to go to the doctor
Episcleritis usually does not cause serious problems and resolves in a short time. However, if symptoms persist for 2–4 weeks and do not improve, you need to see a doctor.
You are also advised to consult a doctor immediately if the pain is so severe that it affects your vision. This can be a sign of a serious eye disorder other than episcleritis.
Episcleritis Diagnosis
To diagnose episcleritis, initially the doctor will ask questions about the symptoms experienced, medical history, and drugs or supplements that the patient is currently or has been taking. Next, the ophthalmologist will perform a thorough eye and physical examination.
Eye examination usually begins by looking at the color of the patient's eyes directly. After that, an inspection will usually be carried out using a tool called slit lamp for a more accurate check.
The doctor may also perform tests with eye drops to make sure this condition is not caused by another eye disease.
Episcleritis Treatment
Episcleritis generally resolves on its own without the need for treatment, especially if the patient's symptoms are mild. However, if episcleritis is bothersome, your doctor may prescribe eye drops or pain medication to relieve discomfort.
To speed up recovery, there are several ways that patients can do independently at home, namely:
- Compress the eyes with a towel soaked in cold water
- Using eye drops containing artificial tears
- Use glasses when outdoors to protect your eyes from bright light
Episcleritis usually resolves within 7–10 days. However, in the case of nodular episcleritis, recovery may take longer. If the episcleritis has not recovered within that time or even gets worse, go back to the doctor for a check-up.
Episcleritis Complications
If not treated properly, episcleritis can lead to several complications such as the following:
- Episcleritis that occurs repeatedly
- Scleritis, especially if the episcleritis is caused by herpes zoster
- Other inflammations, such as uveitis
Episcleritis Prevention
Because the cause is not known with certainty, episcleritis is difficult to prevent. However, some of the ways below you can do to reduce the risk of developing episcleritis:
- Check your health regularly if you have conditions that can increase the risk of episcleritis
- Take steps to prevent infection
- Do not just use drugs, supplements, or herbal products, without first consulting a doctor
