Cortical cataract is an eye disease characterized by clouding of the lens in the cortex, which is the edge of the lens. This type of cataract often occurs in the elderly. Even so, some cases of cortical cataracts can also occur at a young age even in infants and children.
Cortical cataracts are initially characterized by the presence of a grayish-white opacity on the outer edge of the lens that is shaped like the spokes of a wheel. Over time, this cloudiness will spread towards the center, eventually blocking the path of light and causing visual disturbances.
Cortical Cataract Triggers
Cortical cataract triggers are more or less the same as cataracts in general. However, there are several factors that can increase the risk of developing cortical cataracts. These factors include:
- More than 60 years old
- Woman
- Diabetes, especially those that have lasted a long time and are not well controlled
- Smoke
- Vitamin B deficiency
- History of glaucoma surgery
In infants, the incidence of cortical cataracts usually occurs due to inherited genetic disorders.
Symptoms of Cortical Cataract
The main symptom that people with cortical cataracts usually experience is sensitivity to light or glare. Sufferers may find it difficult to drive at night. In addition, some of the symptoms of cortical cataracts that can appear are:
- Faint and blurry vision
- Double vision in one eye
- Color vision fades
- Seeing halos around the light source
- Frequently changing prescription glasses
- Need a brighter light when reading or doing other activities
How to Prevent Cortical Cataracts
The following are some steps you can take to prevent cortical cataracts:
1. Manage diabetes well
If you have diabetes, you are encouraged to have regular check-ups and live a healthy lifestyle at all times. This is so that diabetes is well controlled and the risk of cataract complications decreases.
2. Avoid smoking and consuming alcoholic beverages
As mentioned above, smoking can increase the risk of developing cortical cataracts. Therefore, try to start quitting smoking. In addition, limit the consumption of alcoholic beverages to maintain eye health.
3. Eat a healthy and balanced diet
Eating fruits and vegetables that are rich in minerals and B vitamins, especially vitamin B2 and folic acid, can help protect you from cortical cataracts. Not only that, you can also eat fish, eggs, nuts, and milk which can also help maintain eye health.
4. Have regular eye exams
Regular eye exams can help detect various eye problems early, including cortical cataracts. How often eye examinations and consultations are performed generally depends on age. However, if your risk is high, have a checkup at least every 1-3 years.
5. Wear sunglasses
If you often do outdoor activities, it is recommended to often wear sunglasses. It aims to block ultraviolet B (UVB) rays that can contribute to the development of cortical cataracts.
Cortical cataracts should not be underestimated because the symptoms can interfere with daily activities, and can even be life threatening, for example when driving at night. Therefore, if you experience signs and symptoms of cortical cataracts, immediately consult an ophthalmologist for safe and appropriate treatment.
