e . checkendoscopy is medical procedure what is done to see the organs certain, using a special device that is inserted into the body.This procedure allows the doctor to detect disorders or problems in the body,so that it can treat it appropriately.
Endoscopy is performed to observe the condition of organs in the body, such as the digestive tract, respiratory tract, urinary tract, and uterus. Endoscopy can be done for diagnostic purposes (examination) or to cure disease.
Why Endoscopy Ddo?
Endoscopic examination can be performed to determine the cause of the complaints experienced by the patient, as well as to detect the location of disturbances that occur in the body.
Doctors may recommend endoscopy if the patient has certain medical complaints or problems, such as:
- Gastrointestinal disorders, including gastric ulcers, difficulty swallowing, acid reflux disease (GERD), inflammatory bowel disease, inflammation of the pancreas, gallstones, chronic constipation, and gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Disorders of the airways, including coughing up blood, chronic cough, airway obstruction, shortness of breath, lung tumors, and foreign bodies in the airways.
- Disorders of the urinary tract, including urinary tract or bladder stones, bladder tumors, bloody urine, urinary incontinence, and injuries or injuries to the urinary tract.
- Disorders of the reproductive organs, including vaginal bleeding, pelvic inflammation, frequent miscarriages, infertility, uterine fibroids and cysts, uterine cancer, and uterine deformities.
In addition to examination, doctors can also perform various actions through endoscopy, such as biopsy, stopping bleeding, removing lumps suspected of being tumors, fibroids, or cysts, and performing sterilization (permanent contraception). The results of the biopsy will later be described in the cancer pathology report.
Types of Diagnostic Endoscopy
There are various types of endoscopy based on the organs observed, namely:
- Arthroscopy, to check for abnormalities and problems in the joints, such as arthritis.
- Bronchoscopy, to observe the condition of the respiratory tract leading to the lungs.
- ERCP, to diagnose disorders of the pancreas, bile ducts, and gallbladder.
- Gastroscopy, to monitor the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
- Colonoscopy, to observe the condition of the large intestine. Generally done to diagnose colon cancer.
- Colposcopy, to observe the condition of the cervix or cervix. Generally to diagnose possible cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer.
- Laparoscopy, to observe the condition of organs in the abdominal or pelvic cavity. One of them is to detect the cause of infertility, tumors in the pelvic cavity, and peritonitis.
- Laryngoscopy, to look for disorders of the vocal cords and throat, such as polyps or throat cancer.
- Mediastinoscopy, to observe the condition and the inside of the chest cavity and the organs in it. This type of endoscopy can be used to diagnose lymphoma and sarcoidosis, lung cancer, and cancer of the lymph nodes that have spread to the chest cavity.
- Proctoscopy, to observe and evaluate bleeding in the rectum (the end of the intestine before the anus).
- Cystoscopy, to observe the condition of the urinary tract and bladder. This type of endoscopy is used to diagnose possible bladder cancer.
- Thoracoscopy, to observe the condition of the cavity between the chest wall and lungs. Usually used for lung biopsies.
Procedure Execution endoscope
Endoscopic procedures are performed using an instrument called an endoscope, which is inserted directly into the body. The endoscope itself is a tube-shaped instrument or a long, thin, and flexible tube, which is equipped with a camera and a flashlight at the end.
This camera and flashlight are useful for seeing the state of the organs in the body, and the images will be displayed on the monitor. In addition to a camera, an endoscope can also be equipped with surgical equipment on the tip, to perform certain medical procedures.
Before the endoscopy, the doctor will perform a thorough physical examination, as well as various supporting tests, such as blood tests and X-rays. The doctor will also provide an explanation of how the procedure is carried out and what preparations the patient must make, for example whether the patient needs to fast beforehand or stay in the hospital.
Endoscopy can be performed on a conscious patient, but some endoscopes require anaesthesia, either local or general anesthesia.
The duration of the endoscopic procedure is only about 15-60 minutes. The doctor will insert the endoscope into the body through the mouth, nose, anus, urinary tract, vagina, or through small incisions in the skin.
Recovery after Endoscopic Examination
After the procedure, the doctor will close the incision with stitches and a bandage if the endoscope is performed through the incision. Then the doctor will monitor the patient's condition for several hours, while waiting for the effects of the anesthetic to wear off. Generally, patients do not require hospitalization and can go home immediately after having an endoscopy.
To anticipate fatigue and discomfort after the endoscopy due to anesthesia or the drugs used, patients are advised to take time off or leave from work, and be accompanied by relatives or family while undergoing this procedure. Patients should also not drive or engage in strenuous activities after the endoscopic procedure.
Considering the Risk
Although rare, endoscopy is still a medical procedure that has risks. Some of the risks that can occur after an endoscopy are pain, infection, bleeding, organ damage, and swelling and redness at the incision site.
Endoscopy is generally performed in a hospital and is performed by a gastroenterologist or digestive surgeon. If the doctor recommends an endoscopy, don't hesitate to ask the reasons, goals and risks, as well as what things you need to prepare.
